Finding routes to destinations and remembering special places are governed by a brain region that functions like a GPS navigation system. When taking a new path for the first time, people pay attention to the landmarks along the way. Owing to this neural navigation system, it becomes easier to find destinations along the path once it has been navigated. Based on a variety of animal experiments, scientists have learned that cells in the hippocampus are responsible for spatial perception and are activated in discrete positions of the environment, for which reason they are called place cells. However, how place cells store long-term memories of locations and encode particular positions in the environment is still not understood.